science Technology
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Science and technology is a word that literally means "the means by which natural science, applied science, and engineering are actually applied to make them useful in human life." [1] In 'science technology', which is a compound word of 'science' and 'technology', 'technology' means processing materials or making things according to human needs or purposes. However, as in English, 'Science and Technology', it is correct to understand that science and technology are simply words that include two words: science and technology. Therefore, it is not right to translate 'technology' into science and technology.
In addition to domestic papers, there are cases where the translation into science and technology is carried out routinely. In summary, the meaning of the word "science and technology" means "science and technology," so that the expression "science and technology" rather than "science and technology" can convey a clear meaning
1, Future of modern science and technology
Although technological advances are made by research and development (R & D), it takes enormous expense and time for research and development. Therefore, in the case of developing countries, technology is introduced first to imitate advanced technologies, It is a common process to create a new science and technology. In order to introduce technology and research and development to promote the progress and utilization of science and technology, manpower resources of science and technology should be cultivated and accumulation of capital should be followed. The advancement in modern society is going through the path of science and technology progress → technology innovation → industrial structure advancement → economic growth → social reform (social change). In order to make and adapt to these changes, humans must expand their abilities through constant education. This shows that there is a close and complicated relationship between science and technology, economy, society, and education. And between science and technology, there is a correlation that the development of basic science leads to new technology, and that technological progress promotes the development of basic science.
Since the income level between the economy and society has increased due to the economic growth, the level of living has improved and this has led to diversification and advancement of new desires, and this important change causes the change of economy, that is, the industrial structure is advanced. On the other hand, science, technology, economy, society, and education require talented people with high talents. In other words, the scientists who provide intellectual technology, the engineers who act as leaders of large technology development projects, the managers who run large corporations, the economic administrators who formulate economic development plans, and the universities that cultivate high- People. As the progress of science and technology brought about the rapid development of production technology that improved productivity and enabled mass production, economic growth and industrial development occurred and industrialized society was formed, and the life of the people improved through this process Needless to say. Of course, in the process of science and technology penetrating the economy and society, it can cause various problems such as environmental destruction, disconnection with the spiritual world, and human alienation. Therefore, in the process of applying peaceful use of science and technology and science and technology to the economy and society, it is necessary to alleviate the alienation and tension of human beings, to establish human subjectivity that can control it without being dominated by science and technology, And the development of science and technology that can contribute to the construction of the welfare world while eliminating the technological gap with developed countries is a modern task of science and technology.
2 Science and Technology Education
Generally, in the case of developing countries whose science and technology levels are lower than advanced countries, it is easier and more advantageous to introduce science and technology in the industrialization process, rather than developing them by oneself. Therefore, technology such as production equipment technology of advanced countries is introduced. And foreign technology. In this case, if you depend only on the introduction of technology, the efforts of technology development by private companies will become weak, and the enormous amount of patent fees, ie royalty payments, will adversely affect the international balance of payments. At the stage where technology can be fully digested and reconstructed through the introduction of technology, the introduced technology becomes the subject matter. When it is possible to develop it by digesting and reconstructing the introduced technology, it will move from imitation to creation. From this point, it is possible to develop the technology independently. In this way, it is essential to develop human resources necessary for the independent development of science and technology. The development of technologists who will eliminate the side effects that occur in the process of industrialization with the main focus on science and technology, Project managers, technical economists and other experts are essential for the development of human resources.
Science and Technology Policy of the Three Countries
The changes in the environment surrounding science and technology in the 21st century can be summarized in two major ways.
First, the technological blockade of Korea, the US, Japan and Europe is intensifying, focusing on high technology, and secondly, it is urgently needed to promote the technological integration of all industries in order to strengthen national competitiveness internally. will be. Under the awareness of these changes, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive coordination function of science and technology in order to achieve a nation-wide integration of science and technology through efficient utilization of limited resources and enhancement of mobilization and cooperation ability in the short term. It is necessary to raise the level of science and technology to the highest level in the world in the 2000s by developing world-class original technology and products by forming elite group by technology field. And ultimately, by developing creative source technologies, not improvement and development of existing technologies, it is necessary to emerge as a leader of the upcoming Pacific Rim era. In particular, from a long-term standpoint, focus should be placed on science and technology education and research promotion policies, which are the core areas of the government's science and technology policies. Develop and develop qualitative and quantitative science and technology education at schools of each level to cultivate and supply inquiry and creative talents required by the national society and establish a foundation for continuous development of national science and technology level through the enhancement of basic science and technology education and research capacity of universities To prepare for the upcoming high technology information society. [Table] -1 is the international comparison of the number of institutes of science and technology. As you can see from the table, the number of science and technology research institutes in Korea is 88,764 in 1992, which is the tenth among the 103 countries with statistics. It is ranked 22nd per 100,000 people. Considering that the nature of modern science and technology development makes it possible to exploit synergies among researchers, the number of researchers in Korea should increase in large numbers. To this end, we have set up a long-term plan for the development of science and technology education research labor force, supply industrial manpower to strengthen manufacturing competitiveness, establish the basis for entry into advanced science and technology level in the 2000s, The basic direction of the policy should be set.
The 7th Five-Year Plan period from 1992 to 1996 is the period when the Republic of Korea needs more preparation than ever to enter an advanced country. Especially, the world order is changing from the military power center to the economic power center, and its military power and economic power are steadily increasingly dependent on science and technology, so the role of science and technology in national development is very important. This is evident in the rapidly developing international technology protectionism and technology hegememony phenomenon. On the other hand, in the science and technology sector, it is a crucial period to prepare for entry into advanced science and technology in 2000, which has been declared as a national basic direction. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the technology to the highest level of advanced countries and science and technology resources to the highest level of advanced countries. A five-year plan for science and technology was established with the aim.
Next, let's look at the intellectual property right (IPR) that has recently become the focus of our society's attention. It is only in the last few years that the term "intellectual property", which has been strange, has begun to appear in our interest. Intellectual property rights are largely divided into patents and copyrights, which refers to the ownership of the work created by the human brain. In modern societies where industrial technology is advancing, protection of such intellectual property rights is essential for their own benefit. Recently, advanced countries are showing a strong move to avoid the theft of intellectual property rights in order to encourage their creative desires and maintain industrial competitiveness. Since 1986, intellectual property rights have emerged as a major issue in the negotiation process through a series of foreign trade cooperation processes. In particular, the US and EU have tackled intellectual property rights issues with commodity trade, Is a major factor directly affecting our import and export. Patent rights generally refer to proprietary ownership of industrial and scientific inventions such as patents and trademarks (Trademark, copyright, etc.) The international protection of the patent rights is based on the fact that, For example, in the case of patents on technology, protection of intellectual property rights provides suppliers with a monopoly on profits while on the other hand, consumers have negative consequences such as increased technology costs and reduced technology transfers.
Korea's intellectual property rights are very vulnerable compared to developed countries such as the US, Japan, and the EU. Let's look at the number of patents registered as a representative performance index for R & D capability of industrial technology in one country. As of 1994, the number of registered patents is similar to that of foreigners. The number of patents that foreigners have led in the past is now dominated by the number of Koreans.
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Science and technology is a word that literally means "the means by which natural science, applied science, and engineering are actually applied to make them useful in human life." [1] In 'science technology', which is a compound word of 'science' and 'technology', 'technology' means processing materials or making things according to human needs or purposes. However, as in English, 'Science and Technology', it is correct to understand that science and technology are simply words that include two words: science and technology. Therefore, it is not right to translate 'technology' into science and technology.
In addition to domestic papers, there are cases where the translation into science and technology is carried out routinely. In summary, the meaning of the word "science and technology" means "science and technology," so that the expression "science and technology" rather than "science and technology" can convey a clear meaning
1, Future of modern science and technology
Although technological advances are made by research and development (R & D), it takes enormous expense and time for research and development. Therefore, in the case of developing countries, technology is introduced first to imitate advanced technologies, It is a common process to create a new science and technology. In order to introduce technology and research and development to promote the progress and utilization of science and technology, manpower resources of science and technology should be cultivated and accumulation of capital should be followed. The advancement in modern society is going through the path of science and technology progress → technology innovation → industrial structure advancement → economic growth → social reform (social change). In order to make and adapt to these changes, humans must expand their abilities through constant education. This shows that there is a close and complicated relationship between science and technology, economy, society, and education. And between science and technology, there is a correlation that the development of basic science leads to new technology, and that technological progress promotes the development of basic science.
Since the income level between the economy and society has increased due to the economic growth, the level of living has improved and this has led to diversification and advancement of new desires, and this important change causes the change of economy, that is, the industrial structure is advanced. On the other hand, science, technology, economy, society, and education require talented people with high talents. In other words, the scientists who provide intellectual technology, the engineers who act as leaders of large technology development projects, the managers who run large corporations, the economic administrators who formulate economic development plans, and the universities that cultivate high- People. As the progress of science and technology brought about the rapid development of production technology that improved productivity and enabled mass production, economic growth and industrial development occurred and industrialized society was formed, and the life of the people improved through this process Needless to say. Of course, in the process of science and technology penetrating the economy and society, it can cause various problems such as environmental destruction, disconnection with the spiritual world, and human alienation. Therefore, in the process of applying peaceful use of science and technology and science and technology to the economy and society, it is necessary to alleviate the alienation and tension of human beings, to establish human subjectivity that can control it without being dominated by science and technology, And the development of science and technology that can contribute to the construction of the welfare world while eliminating the technological gap with developed countries is a modern task of science and technology.
2 Science and Technology Education
Generally, in the case of developing countries whose science and technology levels are lower than advanced countries, it is easier and more advantageous to introduce science and technology in the industrialization process, rather than developing them by oneself. Therefore, technology such as production equipment technology of advanced countries is introduced. And foreign technology. In this case, if you depend only on the introduction of technology, the efforts of technology development by private companies will become weak, and the enormous amount of patent fees, ie royalty payments, will adversely affect the international balance of payments. At the stage where technology can be fully digested and reconstructed through the introduction of technology, the introduced technology becomes the subject matter. When it is possible to develop it by digesting and reconstructing the introduced technology, it will move from imitation to creation. From this point, it is possible to develop the technology independently. In this way, it is essential to develop human resources necessary for the independent development of science and technology. The development of technologists who will eliminate the side effects that occur in the process of industrialization with the main focus on science and technology, Project managers, technical economists and other experts are essential for the development of human resources.
Science and Technology Policy of the Three Countries
The changes in the environment surrounding science and technology in the 21st century can be summarized in two major ways.
First, the technological blockade of Korea, the US, Japan and Europe is intensifying, focusing on high technology, and secondly, it is urgently needed to promote the technological integration of all industries in order to strengthen national competitiveness internally. will be. Under the awareness of these changes, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive coordination function of science and technology in order to achieve a nation-wide integration of science and technology through efficient utilization of limited resources and enhancement of mobilization and cooperation ability in the short term. It is necessary to raise the level of science and technology to the highest level in the world in the 2000s by developing world-class original technology and products by forming elite group by technology field. And ultimately, by developing creative source technologies, not improvement and development of existing technologies, it is necessary to emerge as a leader of the upcoming Pacific Rim era. In particular, from a long-term standpoint, focus should be placed on science and technology education and research promotion policies, which are the core areas of the government's science and technology policies. Develop and develop qualitative and quantitative science and technology education at schools of each level to cultivate and supply inquiry and creative talents required by the national society and establish a foundation for continuous development of national science and technology level through the enhancement of basic science and technology education and research capacity of universities To prepare for the upcoming high technology information society. [Table] -1 is the international comparison of the number of institutes of science and technology. As you can see from the table, the number of science and technology research institutes in Korea is 88,764 in 1992, which is the tenth among the 103 countries with statistics. It is ranked 22nd per 100,000 people. Considering that the nature of modern science and technology development makes it possible to exploit synergies among researchers, the number of researchers in Korea should increase in large numbers. To this end, we have set up a long-term plan for the development of science and technology education research labor force, supply industrial manpower to strengthen manufacturing competitiveness, establish the basis for entry into advanced science and technology level in the 2000s, The basic direction of the policy should be set.
The 7th Five-Year Plan period from 1992 to 1996 is the period when the Republic of Korea needs more preparation than ever to enter an advanced country. Especially, the world order is changing from the military power center to the economic power center, and its military power and economic power are steadily increasingly dependent on science and technology, so the role of science and technology in national development is very important. This is evident in the rapidly developing international technology protectionism and technology hegememony phenomenon. On the other hand, in the science and technology sector, it is a crucial period to prepare for entry into advanced science and technology in 2000, which has been declared as a national basic direction. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the technology to the highest level of advanced countries and science and technology resources to the highest level of advanced countries. A five-year plan for science and technology was established with the aim.
Next, let's look at the intellectual property right (IPR) that has recently become the focus of our society's attention. It is only in the last few years that the term "intellectual property", which has been strange, has begun to appear in our interest. Intellectual property rights are largely divided into patents and copyrights, which refers to the ownership of the work created by the human brain. In modern societies where industrial technology is advancing, protection of such intellectual property rights is essential for their own benefit. Recently, advanced countries are showing a strong move to avoid the theft of intellectual property rights in order to encourage their creative desires and maintain industrial competitiveness. Since 1986, intellectual property rights have emerged as a major issue in the negotiation process through a series of foreign trade cooperation processes. In particular, the US and EU have tackled intellectual property rights issues with commodity trade, Is a major factor directly affecting our import and export. Patent rights generally refer to proprietary ownership of industrial and scientific inventions such as patents and trademarks (Trademark, copyright, etc.) The international protection of the patent rights is based on the fact that, For example, in the case of patents on technology, protection of intellectual property rights provides suppliers with a monopoly on profits while on the other hand, consumers have negative consequences such as increased technology costs and reduced technology transfers.
Korea's intellectual property rights are very vulnerable compared to developed countries such as the US, Japan, and the EU. Let's look at the number of patents registered as a representative performance index for R & D capability of industrial technology in one country. As of 1994, the number of registered patents is similar to that of foreigners. The number of patents that foreigners have led in the past is now dominated by the number of Koreans.
science Technology
Reviewed by Haseeb Tec
on
June 18, 2019
Rating:
Reviewed by Haseeb Tec
on
June 18, 2019
Rating:
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