Robotics technology

Robotics Technology

Robotics (English: robotics) is a cross-disciplinary technology that covers the design, construction, operation, and application of robots [1], just like computer system control, sensing feedback, and information processing. These technologies have spawned automated machines that can replace humans, operate in hazardous environments or manufacturing plants, or portray humanoid robots that look, behave, and mentally. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature and contribute to the field of biologically inspired robotics.

The concept of creating an automatically functioning machine dates back to the classical era, but until the 20th century, the functionality and potential application development and research of robots did not continue to grow [2]. Throughout history, robots have often mimicked human behavior and often manage affairs in a similar way. Today, robotics has become a fast-growing field, while advanced technologies continue to develop, design, and build new robots for practical purposes, such as home robots, industrial robots, or military robots. Many robots are engaged in jobs that are very dangerous for humans, such as demolishing bombs, mines, and exploring shipwrecks. Robotics is also used as a teaching aid for STEM education (Science Science, Technology Technology, Engineering Engineering, and Mathematical Mathematics)

Source

Robotics is derived from the term robot, and the term robot was first coined and published by a Czech writer, Karel Čapek, in the versatile worker of his stage play RUR Rousseau. 1920 [3]. The play began in a factory that made man-made people with organic compounds, which were called "robots." Karel said that his brother Joseph Chapek invented the word [3].

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the term robotics was first used in Isaac Asimov's short science fiction Liar, first published in May 1941, "Analog Science Fiction and". Fact) magazine

History

In 1927, a mechanical human being (German: Maschinenmensch), demonstrated by the German actor Brigitte Helm, was the first German sci-fi movie "Metropolis" directed by Fritz Lang. Appears in (German: Metropolis).

In 1942, science fiction writer Isaac Asimov outlined his three principles of robotics.

In 1948, Isaac Asimov proposed the principle of mode control and became the basis of robotics in the future.

Full-automatic robots did not appear until the mid-20th century. The first digitally manipulable and programmable robot: a general-purpose robot, built in 1961, features a high-heated metal sheet that is lifted from a die-casting machine and pushed up. Today's commercial and industrial robots have been widely used in jobs that are cheaper, or more accurate, and more reliable than labor. Robots are also employed in dirty, dangerous or boring jobs. The wide range of applications for robots are: manufacturing, assembly, packaging and packaging, transportation, earth and space exploration, surgery, weapons, experimental research, preservation, and mass production of consumer and industrial products. [4]

component

The power supply is currently mainly a (lead acid) battery. The robot can also use many different types of batteries as a power source. They range from relatively long safety and shelf life, but to relatively heavy lead-acid batteries, to much smaller capacity, and currently much more expensive silver-cadmium batteries. Designing a battery-powered robot requires consideration of factors such as safety, cycle life and weight. Generators, often with some types of internal combustion engines, can also be used. However, such designs are usually mechanically complex, require fuel, require heat dissipation, and are relatively heavy. Connecting the robotic tether to the power supply will completely remove the power from the robot. . However, such a design requires constant cable connections to the robot, which has the disadvantage of being difficult to manage. [5] The potential power source can be:

Pneumatic (compressed gas)

Hydraulic (liquid)

Flywheel energy storage (or FES)

Organic waste (by anaerobic digestion)

Feces (humans, animals); may be interested in military energy needs, the small combat group's manure can be reused to provide power to the robot assistant (see how the DEKA project's Slingshot Stirling engine engine system works)

Drive

More information: Actuator

The drive is like a robot's "muscle" that converts stored energy into movement. The most commonly used drives to date are electric motors that turn wheels or gears, and linear drives that control industrial robots in the factory. However, there are a number of different types of advanced drives that can be powered by electricity, chemical reactions, or compressed air.

induction

The sensor enables the robot to receive measurement information about some environmental or internal components. Sensing capabilities are basic conditions under which a robot performs tasks and acts based on any environmental changes to calculate an appropriate response. Sensors provide a variety of different forms of measurement, such as giving robot safety alerts or fault signals, as well as providing instant information on the status of work execution.

Deal with

The robot needs to manipulate objects: pick up, modify, destroy, or produce other effects. When the robot's operating processor is considered an "arm" [8], the machine end effector is considered the robot's "hand" [9]. Most robotic arms have replaceable actuators, each of which can perform a range of tasks. Some robots have fixed, non-replaceable operating processors, and there are a few very general-purpose operators, such as humanoid arms.

Employment

Robotics is an important part of many modern manufacturing environments. As the factory increases the use of its robots, the number of robotics related work has increased and has observed a steady rise. [10